How to design the sealing structure of the solenoid valve to ensure the response speed and pressure resistance?

The sealing structure design of the solenoid valve is the core link of its overall performance, which directly affects the stability of its response speed and pressure resistance. During the operation of the solenoid valve, the medium pressure acts on the sealing component through the valve body, and the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil drives the valve core to move quickly to achieve the opening and closing action. The sealing part is usually located between the valve core and the valve seat. The sealing method in this area directly determines the opening and closing effect of the valve. In order to ensure the response speed, the structure of the sealing surface should minimize friction resistance and flow resistance. Usually, conical, spherical or flat sealing is adopted to achieve low resistance opening and closing by optimizing the angle and surface roughness. At the same time, the pre-compression control of the seal is also very critical. If the compression is excessive, the valve core may move slowly or even get stuck. If the compression is insufficient, effective sealing cannot be achieved and leakage is prone to occur.

In situations where the response speed requirements are high, the design of the valve core movement path must be simple and compact to avoid lengthy guide sections or complex transition zones. At the same time, in order to avoid the pressure lock phenomenon caused by the pressure difference of liquid or gas in the sealing structure, a pressure relief hole or a balance channel can be designed so that the medium pressure can be evenly distributed on both sides of the sealing surface, thereby reducing the electromagnetic driving force load and improving the action sensitivity. For applications requiring rapid opening and closing, floating seals or adaptive structures can also be used to make the seals automatically fit the valve seat under pressure to ensure the rapid establishment and release of the sealing state.

When the solenoid valve is subjected to high working pressure, the sealing structure needs to have good pressure resistance and stability. This requires that the sealing surface does not deform permanently under long-term stress, and the sealing material does not wear due to medium erosion. In such applications, metal-to-metal hard sealing structures are mostly used. The fit of the sealing line is improved through high-precision grinding and surface treatment, so that it can still maintain sealing performance under high pressure. In addition, some designs share the pressure load by increasing the number of sealing rings or using multi-level sealing methods to avoid the risk of leakage caused by single seal failure.

Under the operating conditions of repeated opening and closing of the solenoid valve, the sealing structure should also have good fatigue resistance and wear resistance. The clearance between the valve core and the seal must be strictly controlled to ensure that no micro-wear or cavitation occurs under the impact of the medium flow. To this end, some designs use a combination of dynamic and static sealing, using wear-resistant elastic sealing materials in the moving parts of the valve core and metal gaskets or sealing sheets in the fixed connection parts, so as to maximize the sealing effect and improve stability in different parts.